When the White House launched the federal Cloud First strategy more than five years ago, agencies moved cautiously to adopt cloud models. Many expressed a preference for keeping data and applications in private clouds, citing security and management concerns. Those that adopted public clouds often focused on gaining efficiencies—for example, by moving e-mail services, public-facing web pages, and storage into off-premises clouds. However, over time, agencies have gained greater confidence in their ability to manage and secure their cloud environments, and so many now are looking beyond mere cost savings to the improved agility and innovation that comes from a robust cloud environment. Agencies are moving more and more data and applications to the cloud.